1The wise sayings of Solomon, the son of David, king of Israel. 2To have knowledge of wise teaching; to be clear about the words of reason: 3To be trained in the ways of wisdom, in righteousness and judging truly and straight behaviour: 4To make the simple-minded sharp, and to give the young man knowledge, and serious purpose: 5(The wise man, hearing, will get greater learning, and the acts of the man of good sense will be wisely guided:) 6To get the sense of wise sayings and secrets, and of the words of the wise and their dark sayings. 7The fear of the Lord is the start of knowledge: but the foolish have no use for wisdom and teaching. 8My son, give ear to the training of your father, and do not give up the teaching of your mother: 9For they will be a crown of grace for your head, and chain-ornaments about your neck. 10My son, if sinners would take you out of the right way, do not go with them. 11If they say, Come with us; let us make designs against the good, waiting secretly for the upright, without cause; 12Let us overcome them living, like the underworld, and in their strength, as those who go down to death; 13Goods of great price will be ours, our houses will be full of wealth; 14Take your chance with us, and we will all have one money-bag: 15My son, do not go with them; keep your feet from their ways: 16For their feet are running after evil, and they are quick to take a man's life. 17Truly, to no purpose is the net stretched out before the eyes of the bird: 18And they are secretly waiting for their blood and making ready destruction for themselves. 19Such is the fate of everyone who goes in search of profit; it takes away the life of its owners. 20Wisdom is crying out in the street; her voice is loud in the open places; 21Her words are sounding in the meeting-places, and in the doorways of the town: 22How long, you simple ones, will foolish things be dear to you? and pride a delight to the haters of authority? how long will the foolish go on hating knowledge? 23Be turned again by my sharp words: see, I will send the flow of my spirit on you, and make my words clear to you. 24Because your ears were shut to my voice; no one gave attention to my out-stretched hand; 25You were not controlled by my guiding, and would have nothing to do with my sharp words: 26So in the day of your trouble I will be laughing; I will make sport of your fear; 27When your fear comes on you like a storm, and your trouble like a rushing wind; when pain and sorrow come on you. 28Then I will give no answer to their cries; searching for me early, they will not see me: 29For they were haters of knowledge, and did not give their hearts to the fear of the Lord: 30They had no desire for my teaching, and my words of protest were as nothing to them. 31So the fruit of their way will be their food, and with the designs of their hearts they will be made full. 32For the turning back of the simple from teaching will be the cause of their death, and the peace of the foolish will be their destruction. 33But whoever gives ear to me will take his rest safely, living in peace without fear of evil.
Matthew Henry's Commentary
The subject of this book may be thus stated by an enlargement on the opening verses. 1. The Proverbs of Solomon, the son of David, king of Israel. 2. Which treat of the knowledge of wisdom, of piety towards God, of instruction and moral discipline, of the understanding wise and prudent counsels. 3. Which treat of the attainment of instruction in wisdom, which wisdom is to be shown in the conduct of life, and consists in righteousness with regard to our fellow-creatures. 4. Which treat of the giving to the simple sagacity to discover what is right, by supplying them with just principles, and correct views of virtue and vice; and to the young man knowledge, so that he need not err through ignorance; and discretion, so that by pondering well these precepts, he may not err through obstinacy. Take the proverbs of other nations, and we shall find great numbers founded upon selfishness, cunning, pride, injustice, national contempt, and animosities. The principles of the Proverbs of Solomon are piety, charity, justice, benevolence, and true prudence. Their universal purity proves that they are the word of God.The use of the Proverbs. (1-6) Exhortations to fear God and obey parents. (7-9) To avoid the enticings of sinners. (10-19) The address of Wisdom to sinners. (20-33) 1-6 The lessons here given are plain, and likely to benefit those who feel their own ignorance, and their need to be taught. If young people take heed to their ways, according to Solomon's Proverbs, they will gain knowledge and discretion. Solomon speaks of the most important points of truth, and a greater than Solomon is here. Christ speaks by his word and by his Spirit. Christ is the Word and the Wisdom of God, and he is made to us wisdom. 7-9 Fools are persons who have no true wisdom, who follow their own devices, without regard to reason, or reverence for God. Children are reasonable creatures, and when we tell them what they must do, we must tell them why. But they are corrupt and wilful, therefore with the instruction there is need of a law. Let Divine truths and commands be to us most honourable; let us value them, and then they shall be so to us. 10-19 Wicked people are zealous in seducing others into the paths of the destroyer: sinners love company in sin. But they have so much the more to answer for. How cautious young people should be! "Consent thou not." Do not say as they say, nor do as they do, or would have thee to do; have no fellowship with them. Who could think that it should be a pleasure to one man to destroy another! See their idea of worldly wealth; but it is neither substance, nor precious. It is the ruinous mistake of thousands, that they overvalue the wealth of this world. Men promise themselves in vain that sin will turn to their advantage. The way of sin is down-hill; men cannot stop themselves. Would young people shun temporal and eternal ruin, let them refuse to take one step in these destructive paths. Men's greediness of gain hurries them upon practices which will not suffer them or others to live out half their days. What is a man profited, though he gain the world, if he lose his life? much less if he lose his soul? 20-33 Solomon, having showed how dangerous it is to hearken to the temptations of Satan, here declares how dangerous it is not to hearken to the calls of God. Christ himself is Wisdom, is Wisdoms. Three sorts of persons are here called by Him: 1. Simple ones. Sinners are fond of their simple notions of good and evil, their simple prejudices against the ways of God, and flatter themselves in their wickedness. 2. Scorners. Proud, jovial people, that make a jest of every thing. Scoffers at religion, that run down every thing sacred and serious. 3. Fools. Those are the worst of fools that hate to be taught, and have a rooted dislike to serious godliness. The precept is plain; Turn you at my reproof. We do not make a right use of reproofs, if we do not turn from evil to that which is good. The promises are very encouraging. Men cannot turn by any power of their own; but God answers, Behold, I will pour out my Spirit unto you. Special grace is needful to sincere conversion. But that grace shall never be denied to any who seek it. The love of Christ, and the promises mingled with his reproofs, surely should have the attention of every one. It may well be asked, how long men mean to proceed in such a perilous path, when the uncertainty of life and the consequences of dying without Christ are considered? Now sinners live at ease, and set sorrow at defiance; but their calamity will come. Now God is ready to hear their prayers; but then they shall cry in vain. Are we yet despisers of wisdom? Let us hearken diligently, and obey the Lord Jesus, that we may enjoy peace of conscience and confidence in God; be free from evil, in life, in death, and for ever.